Periodontal disease is a form of progressive gum disease that is usually caused due to bacterial infiltration. It may begin as a simple gum inflammation (gingivitis), and may gradually progress to affect the supporting tissues of the gums, and the underlying alveolar bone (periodontitis).
The dental specialists at Woodbridge, VA dental practice offer periodontal disease depending on the type of the disease. So what are the types of periodontal disease? Let’s find out!
| Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammation of the soft and hard tissues supporting the teeth. It occurs due to the buildup of plaque, and bacterial infiltration. This leads to the secretion of toxins that attack the gum tissues forming gingival pockets. As the bacteria breeds through the gingival tissues the pockets grow deeper invading the alveolar bone, thus receding the affected gum tissues. If left untreated, this causes loss of attachment and tooth mobility. |
What are the types of periodontal disease?
There are two main types of periodontal disease, namely:
- Gingivitis
- This is the most simple and early form of periodontal disease, characterized by swollen, red, inflamed, tender, and easily bleeding gums.
- It is primarily caused by increased bacterial colonization and plaque accumulation.
- Gingivitis is reversible with proper oral care and regular dental visits.
- Periodontitis
- This is an advanced form of periodontal disease, occurring when gingivitis is left untreated.
- The infection may spread to the deeper layers damaging the supporting structures of the tooth including the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone.
- This type of disease is characterized by the formation of periodontal pockets (a space between the tooth surface and the gums).
- Other signs include bad breath, gum recession, mobile teeth, abscess formation, and eventual tooth loss.
- Periodontitis requires professional and advanced treatment to prevent further disease progression.
Other types of periodontal disease, include:
- Aggressive periodontitis
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- A rapidly progressing form of periodontal disease.
- There is severe bone loss leading to rapid tooth loss.
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- Chronic periodontitis
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- This type of periodontitis progresses slowly over time.
- There is a gradual loss of tooth attachment leading to tooth loss.
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- Necrotizing periodontal disease
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- This is a severe form characterized by necrosis (tissue death) of the gingival tissues, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone.
- This causes painful ulcers, bleeding gums, and foul breath.
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- Periodontitis associated with systemic diseases
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- Certain medical conditions like diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and HIV can increase the risk and severity of periodontal disease.
Each type of periodontal disease presents with unique symptoms. Thus each type requires tailored treatment approaches based on the causes and symptoms of the disease. Early detection and intervention are crucial for effectively managing periodontal disease and preserving oral health.
